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Kiran Bala ¹

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar Department of Mathematics, Singhania University, Rajasthan

Abstract

The present paper is concerned with thermoelasticity, two-temperature thermoelasticity, basic equations of two-temperature thermoelasticityand three types of thermoelasticity theories i.e. uncoupled, coupled and generalized thermoelasticity with relevant view of literature.

Keywords

Two-Temperature,thermoelasticity,energy Dissipation

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Kiran Bala ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geography, MKJK Girls College, Rohtak-124001, IN

Abstract

The geographical spread of the Bharatiya Janata Party has been examined by using the swing in votes polled by the party in Indian parliamentary elections (1984-1996). The constituency-wise analysis of the swing for the BJP reveals that the main area of Strength of the party was from the North India in general and Hindi Speaking Heartland in particular. The BJP performed significantly well in the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka. In recent times, the party also has shown its presence in North-Eastern States and in Orissa. Uttar Pradesh has emerged as the key state for the party in these parliamentary elections.

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Kiran Bala ¹

Affiliations
1 Singhania University, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

Museums acquire objects and create collections because the objects convey a significant message or messages. These may be variously historical, religious, economic, technological, and so on. When an object is moved from its place of origin and its context, its significance is reduced and becomes more reliant on the documentation linked to it. Furthermore, when an object arrives at a museum, it begins a "new life": it will be studied, positioned, exhibited, restored, loaned and transferred, and will be placed alongside many other objects. It will thus be necessary to identify it in a unique way, and to facilitate the management of every aspect of this new life. The value of a collection (whether it be for purposes of research, education or interpretation), its safety and its accessibility therefore depend to a large extent on the quality ofthe documentation associated with it.

Keywords

Documentation, Modern Art Museums

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Kamaljit Kaur ¹, P. Vadivukkarassi ², Kiran Bala ³

Affiliations
1 Gurseva College of Nursing, Panam, Garshankar, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, IN
2 Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Shri Vinoba Bhave College of Nursing, Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, IN
3 Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Mata Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The onset of menstruation is one of the most important changes occurring among girls during the adolescent years but it is still regarded as something unclean or dirty in the Indian society. Unhygienic menstrual practices may affect their health such as increased vulnerability to reproductive tract infections and other complications. So, girls should be educated about menstrual hygiene through health education in schools. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. An evaluative approach was adopted. Total 60 adolescent girls were selected by using purposive sampling technique during the month of February, 2012 from selected schools of Mohali district, Punjab. A self-administered structured knowledge questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge of the adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene. Collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that most of the subjects were having low (50%) and average (48.3%) level of knowledge during pre-test. But, after planned teaching programme session most of the subjects were having good (50%) and excellent (48.3%) level of knowledge in post-test. The effectiveness of planned teaching Programme was found highly significant (p = 0.000). It was also found that majority of study variables were not significantly associated with knowledge level of adolescent girls except educational status of mother, family income per month and teacher as a source of information. It is concluded that planned teaching programme was an effective method to improve knowledge of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene. The knowledge of adolescent girls has significant association with the educational status of their mother because mother is the primary source of information.

Keywords

Effectiveness, Planned Teaching Programme, Knowledge, Menstrual Hygiene, Menstruation, Hygiene, Adolescent Girls.

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Kamalpreet ¹, P. Vadivukkarassi ², Kiran Bala ³

Affiliations
1 Mata Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab, IN
2 Shri Vinoba Bhave College of Nursing, Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, IN
3 Saraswati College of Nursing, Kurali, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Menopause is a natural and expected part of a woman's development and does not need to be prevented. Usually, menopause and related problems are not discussed by menopausal women. If menopausal women have a thorough knowledge about menopausal symptoms and coping strategies, most of the menopausal problems will be solved. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected menopausal symptoms and coping strategies among menopausal women. An evaluatory approach was adopted. Total 60 menopausal women were selected by purposive sampling technique during the month of February, 2012 from selected areas of Mohali district, Punjab. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge regarding selected menopausal symptoms and coping strategies among menopausal women. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The analyzed data revealed that the maximum subjects had average (56.7%) and poor (43.3%) level of knowledge in pre-test. After planned teaching programme session, most of them had average (96.7%) knowledge score followed by good (3.3%) knowledge score. The planned teaching programme was found to be highly effective in increasing the pre test score significantly at calculated p value (0.000). Most of the study variables like occupational status, type of family, family income per month had a significant association with the pre test level of knowledge while educational status of subjects was found significantly associated both in pre-test and post-test. It is concluded that planned teaching programme was an effective method to improve knowledge of menopausal women regarding selected menopausal symptoms and coping strategies. The knowledge level of menopausal women had significant association with their educational status as educational status increases knowledge level also increases.

Keywords

Effectiveness, Planned Teaching Programme, Knowledge, Selected Menopausal Symptoms, Coping Strategies, Menopausal Women.

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Sumitpal Kaur ¹, P. Vadivukkarasi Ramanadin ², Kiran Bala ³

Affiliations
1 Mata Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab, IN
2 Dept. of OBG, Mata Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab, IN
3 Dept. of OBG (N) Mata Sahib Kaur College of Nursing, Mohali, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Breastfeeding is natural (physiological) and instinctive, and nearly all mothers do it. Breastfeeding is an art and a skill which needs to be learnt and mastered. Postnatal period is crucial and mothers need to be given more information regarding breastfeeding. Mothers have many doubts and fears about breastfeeding and caring for their young ones. With this aim the study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a planned teaching programme regarding management of breast feeding problems. Quantitative approach with a quasi experimental randomized comparison group research design was used. By convenient sampling technique 60 primigravida women were selected out of which 30 in experimental and 30 was in comparison group. Data were collected by using self administered structured knowledge questionnaire on management of breast feeding problems and it was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Distribution of the postnatal mothers according to their demographic variable shows that maximum postnatal mothers (50.0%) were in age group of 24-26 years, 50.0% of them were belongs to Hindu religion, 41.7% were having secondary education, more than half of the postnatal mothers (71.6%) were housewife, 56.6% of them were belongs to nuclear family, maximum postnatal mothers (55.5%) were having family income of less than Rs.5000/- and majority of the postnatal mothers (65.0%) were primigravida. The effectiveness of planned teaching programme on management of breast feeding problems was analyzed by using paired t-test (t_{(29, 0.05)} = 31.687, 0.000) and unpaired t- test value (t_(58,0.05) = 10.612, 0.000) which was highly significant at 0.05 level. The chi square value showed that there was a significant association between the knowledge of primigravida women with their age (χ² (2, 0.05) = 8.077, 0.018*), educational status (χ² (2, 0.05) = 100.8, 0.002**), occupation (χ² (1, 0.05) = 7.105, 0.02) and parity (χ²(1, 0.05) = 7.377, 0.007*) at p<0.05 level. It also shows that there is no association of pretest level of knowledge with religion, type of family and family income.

Keywords

Management of Breast Feeding Problems, Planned Teaching Programme, Postnatal Mothers.

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Kiran Bala ¹, Snehlata Maheshwari ², Rajshree Upadhayay ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Community and Applied Sciences, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, IN
2 Department of Extension Education, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, IN
3 Department of Extension Education and Communication Management,College of Community and Applied Sciences, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

India still has the highest number of under-weight children under five in the world and 70 per cent of children are anemic. The link between malnutrition and infant feeding has been well established. Poor feeding practices in infant and early childhood resulting in malnutrition contribute to impaired cognitive and social development, poor school performance and reduced productivity in later life. A mother is the principle provider of the primary care that her child needs during the first five years of life. Nutritional awareness of mothers plays an important role in the health of children aged 0-5 years. The present study was undertaken to develop multimedia CD on nutrition for children (03 years) for rural women with these objectives: To assess the comprehension of designed multimedia CD by rural women. The study was conducted in Udaipur district of Rajsthan state with a sample of 30 illiterate rural women to field test multimedia CD for its comprehension by rural women. Findings revealed that overall comprehension of messages through multimedia CD was found to be very good with MPS 93.62. Among four components, the diet during childhood ailments was comprehended to the highest extent (99.021 MPS) followed by feeding practices (94.44 MPS), supplementary nutrition (89.97 MPS) andnormal nutrition (87.97 MPS). Thus, it could be concluded that comprehension of multimedia CD was found to be good and the developed multimedia CD can be utilized by the various government and non government functionaries involved in TOT.

Keywords

Rural Women, Multimedia CD, Children (0-3 Years).

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Sudeshna Thakur ¹, Kiran Bala ¹, A. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
2 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, IN

Abstract

In order to explore the possibility of sources of resistance and relative tolerance of cultivars based upon the damage inflicted, studies were undertaken to evaluate onion and garlic entries/genotypes during February-April, 2016. The screening of the genotypes revealed thrips population to remain low till the end of March which attained peak in the first week of April. Mean thrips population count on onion was maximum on ON-14-01 being at par to ALRO 213, ON14-04 and minimum on genotype OLR 1352 which being at par with ON 15-16 and OLR 1372. Among the garlic genotypes AVT-2/GRL-1351 and AVT-1/GN-14-25 showed maximum thrips population whereas GRL-1349 and AVT-1/GN14-23 sustained minimum population. Foliar damage varied from 4.90 to 25.40 per cent and 0 to 6.6 per cent in onion and garlic, respectively. Correlation of population build-up with environmental factors showed positive correlation with prevailing temperature but negative with rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours for both the crops but correlation with maximum relative humidity and wind speed was significant for onion crop only.

Keywords

Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Thrips, Germplasm, Screening.

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